9 1841-43 newspapers 1st OPIUM WAR Great Britain CHINA

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Please visit our EBAY STORE at the link directly below for HUNDREDS of HISTORICAL NEWSPAPERS on sale or at auction: /Steve-Goldman-HISTORICAL-NEWSPAPERS_W0QQsspagenameZL2222QQtZkm SEE PHOTO----- Nine (9) COMPLETE ORIGINAL NEWSPAPERs, the New York Weekly Herald (NY City) dated between June, 1841 and Jan 1843. Prominent front page headlines and LONG DETAILED reports of the FIRST OPIUM WAR between China and Great Britain. These 9 newspapers have long detailed reports of the FIRST OPIUM WAR. These 9 newspapers have great front page coverage of the FIRST OPIUM WAR in which China ceded Hong Kong to Great Britain "in perpetuity" !!! By the early 19th century, the British Empire trade was heavily dependent upon the importation of tea from China. While the British exported to China luxurious items like clocks and watches, there was an overwhelming imbalance between the trades. China developed a strong demand for silver, which was a difficult commodity for the British to come by in large quantities. The counterbalance of trades came with illegal opium entering China. Lin Zexu would become the Chinese commissioner who voiced to Queen Victoria the Qing state's opposition to the unlawful opium trade. It resulted in the Opium Wars , which led to British victories over China and the cession of Hong Kong to the United Kingdom via the enactment of the new treaties in 1842. The First Anglo-Chinese War (1839–42), known popularly as the First Opium War, was fought between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the Qing Dynasty of China, with the aim of securing economic benefits from trade in China. In 1842, the Treaty of Nanking —the first of what the Chinese called the unequal treaties —granted an indemnity to Britain, the opening of five treaty ports , and the cession of Hong Kong Island , ending the monopoly of trading in the Canton System . The war marked the end of China's isolation and the beginning of modern Chinese history. The Treaty of Nanking was a treaty signed on 29 August 1842 to mark the end of the First Opium War (1839–42) between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the Qing Dynasty of China. It was the first of what the Chinese called the unequal treaties because Britain had no obligations in return. In the wake of China's military defeat, with British warships poised to attack the city, representatives from the British and Qing Empires negotiated aboard HMS Cornwallis anchored at Nanking . On 29 August 1842, British representative Sir Henry Pottinger and Qing representatives, Qiying , Elepoo, and Niujian, signed the treaty. It consisted of thirteen articles and was ratified by Queen Victoria and the Daoguang Emperor nine months later. Cession of Hong Kong In 1841, a rough outline for a treaty was sent for the guidance of Plenipotentiary Charles Elliot . It had a blank after the words "the cession of the islands of _____". Pottinger sent this old draft treaty on shore, with the letter s struck out of islands and the words Hong Kong placed after it. Robert Montgomery Martin , treasurer of Hong Kong, wrote in an official report: The terms of peace having been read, Elepoo the senior commissioner paused, expecting something more, and at length said "is that all?" Mr. Morrison inquired of Lieutenant-colonel Malcolm if there was anything else, and being answered in the negative, Elepoo immediately and with great tact closed the negotiation by saying, " all shall be granted—it is settled—it is finished ." The Qing government agreed to make Hong Kong Island a crown colony , ceding it to the British Queen "in perpetuity" to provide British traders with a harbour where they could unload their goods (Article III). Pottinger was later appointed the first governor of Hong Kong. In 1860, the colony was extended with the Kowloon peninsula and in 1898, the Second Convention of Peking further expanded the colony with the 99 year lease of the New Territories . In 19... read more

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