CRISPUS Caesar 317AD Ancient Genuine Roman Coin Nude JUPITER Victory on globe

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Item: i22485 Authentic Ancient Coin of: Crispus - Roman Caesar: 317-326 A.D. - Bronze AE3 20mm (3.66 grams) Cyzicus mint: 317-320 A.D. DNFLIVLCRISPVSNOBCAES - Laureate, draped bust left, holding thunderbolt and scepter on globe. IOVICONSERVATORICAESS Exe: wreath/ Є /SMK - Jupiter standing left, holding Victory on globe and scepter. You are bidding on the exact item pictured, provided with a Certificate of Authenticity and Lifetime Guarantee of Authenticity. In Roman mythology , Jupiter or Jove was the king of the gods , and the god of sky and thunder . He is the equivalent of Zeus in the Greek pantheon . He was called Iuppiter (or Diespiter ) Optimus Maximus ("Father God the Best and Greatest"). As the patron deity of ancient Rome , he ruled over laws and social order. He was the chief god of the Capitoline Triad , with sister/wife Juno . Jupiter is also the father of the god Mars with Juno. Therefore, Jupiter is the grandfather of Romulus and Remus , the legendary founders of Rome. Jupiter was venerated in ancient Roman religion , and is still venerated in Roman Neopaganism . He is a son of Saturn , along with brothers Neptune and Pluto . He is also the brother/husband of Ceres (daughter of Saturn and mother of Proserpina ), brother of Veritas (daughter of Saturn), and father of Mercury . Flavius Julius Crispus , also known as Flavius Claudius Crispus and Flavius Valerius Crispus was a Caesar of the Roman Empire . He was the first-born son of Constantine I and Minervina . Birth Crispus' year and place of birth are uncertain. He is considered likely to have been born between 299 and 305, somewhere in the Eastern Roman Empire . His mother Minervina was either a concubine or a first wife to Constantine. Nothing else is known about Minervina. His father served as a hostage in the court of Eastern Roman Emperor Diocletian in Nicomedia . Thus securing the loyalty of Caesar of the Western Roman Empire Constantius Chlorus , father of Constantine and grandfather of Crispus.In 307, Constantine allied to the Italian Augusti , and this alliance was sealed with the marriage of Constantine to Fausta , daughter of Maximian and sister of Maxentius.The marriage of Constantine to Fausta has caused modern historians to question the status of his relation to Minervina and Crispus. If Minervina was his legitimate wife, Constantine would have needed to secure a divorce before marrying Fausta. This would have required an official written order signed by Constantine himself, but no such order is mentioned by contemporary sources.This silence in the sources has led many historians to conclude that the relationship between Constantine and Minervina was informal and to assume her to have been an unofficial lover. However, Minervina may have already been dead by 307. A widowed Constantine would need no divorce order.Neither the true nature of the relationship between Constantine and Minervina nor the reason Crispus came under the protection of his father will ever probably be known. The offspring of an illegitimate affair could have caused dynastical problems and would likely be dismissed, but Crispus was raised by his father in Gaul . This can be seen as evidence of a loving and public relationship between Constantine and Minervina which gave him a reason to protect her son.The story of Minervina is quite similar to that of Constantine's mother Helena . Constantine's father later had to divorce her for political reasons, specifically, to marry Flavia Maximiana Theodora , the daughter of Maximian , in order to secure his alliance with his new father-in-law. Constantine in turn may have had to put aside Minervina in order to secure an alliance with the same man. Constantius did not however dismiss Constantine as his son, and perhaps Constantine chose to follow the example of his father. Education Whatever the reason, Constantine kept Crispus at his side. Surviving sources are unanimous in declaring him a loving, trusting and protective father to... read more

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