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France, H. Bates, evolution, Amazon, Brazil, butterfly
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This medal is a part of my French medals collection Visit my page with the offers, please. You will find many interesting items related to this subject. If you are interested in other medals, related to this subject, France, related to Universities, Education Science This medal has been minted to commemorate Henry BATES, a British naturalist and explorer, (1825 – 1892), working in Amazonia , Brazil . The medal has been designed by the French medalist, Dodie YENCESSE. Henry Walter Bates FRS FLS FGS ( Leicester , 8 February 1825 – London, 16 February 1892) was an English naturalist and explorer who gave the first scientific account of mimicry in animals. He was most famous for his expedition to the Amazon with Alfred Russel Wallace in 1848. Wallace returned in 1852, but lost his collection in a shipwreck. When Bates arrived home in 1859 after a full eleven years, he had sent back over 14,000 species (mostly of insects ) of which 8,000 were new to science. [1] av. Henry Bates, 1825 – 1895; the signature; D. Yencesse rv. The floral motives of the jungle diameter – 68 mm (2¾“) weight – 174.80 gr (6.17 oz) metal – bronze, mint patina Henry Bates was one of a group of outstanding naturalist-explorers who were supporters of the theory of evolution by natural selection ( Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace 1858). [8] Other members of this group included J.D. Hooker , Fritz Müller , Richard Spruce and Thomas Henry Huxley . Bates' work on Amazonian butterflies led him to develop the first scientific account of mimicry , especially the kind of mimicry which bears his name: Batesian mimicry .[9] This is the mimicry by a palatable species of an unpalatable or noxious species. A common example seen in temperate gardens is the hover-fly , many of which – though bearing no sting – mimic the warning colouration of hymenoptera ( wasps and bees ). Such mimicry does not need to be perfect to improve the survival of the palatable species. [10] Bates noted of the Heliconids (long-wings) that they were forest-dwellers who were: 1. abundant 2. conspicuous and slow-flying. 3. gregarious; and also 4. the adults frequented flowers. 5. the larvae fed together. And yet, said Bates "I never saw the flocks of slow-flying Heliconidae in the woods persecuted by birds or dragonflies... nor when at rest did they appear to be molested by lizards, or predacious flies of the family Asilidae [robber-flies] which were very often seen pouncing on butterflies of other families... In contrast, the Pieridae (sulfur butterflies), to which Leptalis belongs [now called Dismorphia ] are much persecuted." The great adventureIn 1847 Wallace and Bates discussed the idea of an expedition to the Amazon rainforest , the plan being to cover expenses by sending specimens back to London . There an agent would sell them for a commission. The main purpose was for the travellers to " gather facts towards solving the problem of the origin of species ", as Wallace put it in a letter to Bates. The two friends, who were both by now experienced amateur entomologists, met in London to prepare themselves. This they did by viewing South American plants and animals in the main collections. [5] Also they collected 'wants lists' of the desires of museums and collectors. Letters survive in the Kew Garden library of letters from the pair asking what plants the Director (then William Jackson Hooker ) would like them to find. Bates and Wallace sailed from Liverpool in April 1848, arriving in Pará (now Belém ) at the end of May. For the first year they settled in a villa near the city, collecting birds and insects. After that they agreed to collect independently, Bates travelling to Cametá on the Tocantins River . He then moved up the Amazon, to Óbidos , Manaus and finally to the Upper Amazon ( Solimões ). Tefé was his base-camp for four and a half years. His health eventually...
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