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Galileo Mathematical Discourses Two New Sciences 1730
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Galileo Mathematical Discourses Two New Sciences 1730
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Offered is a beautiful copy of one of the most desirable volumes in any collection of early science, the first obtainable edition in English of the ‘Discorsi’ of Galileo Galilei, entitled “Mathematical Discourses concerning Two New Sciences relating to Mechanicks and Local Motion, in Four Dialogues,” translated by Thomas Weston, printed in quarto at London in 1730, finely and beautifully bound in modern calf, in excellent condition and complete in all respects. �A NEAR FINE COPY OF THE VERY RARE FIRST OBTAINABLE EDITION IN ENGLISH OF GALILEO’S ‘MATHEMATICAL DISCOURSES CONCERNING TWO NEW SCIENCES RELATING TO MECHANICKS AND LOCAL MOTION, IN FOUR DIALOGUES,’ (‘DISCORSI E DIMOSTRAZIONI’) THE FOUNDATIONAL TEXT OF MODERN PHYSICS AND MECHANICS, COMPLETE IN ALL RESPECTS AND PRINTED IN QUARTO AT LONDON IN 1730. �The full title reads as follows: �“Mathematical Discourses concerning Two New Sciences relating to Mechanicks and Local Motion, in Four Dialogues. / I. Of the Resistance of Solids against Fraction. / II. Of the Cause of their Coherence. / III. Of Local Motion, viz. Equable, and naturally Accelerate. / IV. Of Violent Motion, or of Projects. / By Galileo Galilei, Chief Philosopher and Mathematician to the Grand Duke of Tuscany. / With an appendix concernng the Center of Gravity of Solid Bodies. / Done into English from the Italian, By Tho. Weston, late Master, and now publish’d by John Weston, present Master, of the Academy at Greenwich. / London: Printed for J. Hooke, at the Flower-de-Luce, over-against St. Dunstan’s Church in Fleet-street. M. DCC. XXX [1730].” �By common consent, Galileo’s ‘Discorsi’ constitutes the first modern textbook of physics and mechanics, and is one of the foundations of modern science. This is the earliest realistically obtainable edition in English of this epochal text. The text was included as part one of volume two of Thomas Salisbury’s 1661-65 translation, but this edition was almost entirely destroyed in the great fire of London. Only 10 copies are known to exist of the first part, and only one copy of the second part. The only copy to appear on the market during the past several decades had resided for centuries in the library of the Earls of Macclesfield, and sold in 2005 at the Sotheby’s sale of the library for 163,500.00 British Pounds. The present 1730 edition is therefore highly sought after, and is really the earliest edition in English one could hope to obtain. �The� “Discourses and Mathematical Demonstrations Relating to Two New Sciences”� (Discorsi e dimostrazioni matematiche, intorno � due nuove scienze) was� Galileo's� final book and a sort of scientific testament covering much of his work in physics over the preceding thirty years. �The same three men as in the� Dialogue� carry on the discussion, but they have changed. Simplicio, in particular, is no longer the stubborn and rather dense Aristotelian; to some extent he represents the thinking of Galileo's early years, as Sagredo represents his middle period. Salviati remains the spokesman for Galileo. It is often said that, in this work, Galileo anticipated Newton’s laws of motion. No less an authority than Albert Einstein declared Galileo ‘the father of modern physics – indeed of modern science.’ �Galileo’s “Discorsi e Dimostrazioni” is a mathematical dialogue on kinematics and a variety of physical problems (including matter, sound, and light); it also contains philosophical discourses dealing with the nature of mathematics and the role of experiment and reason in science. The ‘Discorsi’ replaced the Aristotelean notion of motion with a new one based in inertia and principles derived from falling bodies, projectiles, and the pendulum. From Printing and the Mind of Man: “It was upon his [Galileo's] foundation that Huygens, Newton and others were able to erect the frame of the science of dynamics, and to extend its range (with the concept of universal gravitation) to the heavenly bodies.” The ‘Discorsi e Dimostrazioni’ is also particularly ... 
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