ITALY RARE PARCHMENT BENEDETTO XIV 1751

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ITALY RARE PARCHMENT BENEDETTO XIV 1751 Pope Benedict XIV (March 31, 1675 - May 3, 1758), born Prospero Lorenzo Lambertini, was Pope from 17 August 1740 to 3 May 1758. He was born into a noble family of Bologna, which was at that time the second largest city in the Papal States. He was elected Pope in 1740. The conclave which elected him had lasted six months; he is alleged to have said to the cardinals: "If you wish to elect a saint, choose Gotti; a statesman, Aldrovandi; an honest man, elect me." His Papacy began in a time of great difficulties, chiefly caused by the disputes between Catholic rulers and the Papacy about governmental demands to nominate bishops rather than leaving the appointment to the Church. He managed to overcome most of these problems -- the Holy See's disputes with the Kingdom of Naples, Sardinia, Spain, Venice, and Austria were settled. Coat of Arms of Pope Benedict XIV.He had a very active papacy, reforming the education of priests, the calendar of feasts of the Church, and many papal institutions. Perhaps the most important act of Benedict XIV's pontificate was the promulgation of his famous laws about missions in the two bulls, Ex quo singulari and Omnium solicitudinum. In these bulls he ruled on the custom of accommodating Christian words and usages to express non-Christian ideas and practices of the native cultures, which had been extensively done by the Jesuits in their Indian and Chinese missions. An example of this is the statues of ancestors - t had long been uncertainty whether honor paid to ones ancestors was unacceptable 'ancestor worship,' or if it was something more like the Catholic veneration of the saints. This question was especially pressing in the case of an ancestor known not to have been a Christian. The choice of a Chinese translation for the name of God had also been debated since the early 17th century. Benedict XIV denounced these practices in these two bulls. The consequence of this was that many of these converts left the Church. On December 22, 1741 Benedict XIV promulgated the papal bull "Immensa Pastorum principis" against the enslavement of the indigenous peoples of the Americas and other country. Benedict XIV was also responsible, along with Cardinal Passionei, for beginning the catalogue of the Vatican Library. Pope Benedict X is now considered an antipope. At the time, however, this status was not recognized and so the man the Roman Catholic church officially considers the tenth true Pope Benedict took the official number XI, rather than X. This has advanced the numbering of all subsequent Popes Benedict by one. Popes Benedict XI-XVI are, from an official point of view, the tenth through fifteenth popes by that name. Benedetto XIV, nato Prospero Lorenzo Lambertini (Bologna, 31 marzo 1675 - Roma, 3 maggio 1758), fu Papa dal 1740 alla sua morte. Prospero Lorenzo Lambertini, figlio di Marcello e Lucrezia Bulgarini, apparteneva a una famiglia nobile di Bologna, all'epoca la seconda città per grandezza dello Stato Pontificio. Venne eletto al soglio papale in un periodo di grandi tribolazioni, causate principalmente dalle dispute tra le nazioni cattoliche e il Papato. Papa Lambertini riuscì a rifiutare la maggior parte delle richieste degli stati nazionali di nominare i vescovi serbandone il dirit to di nomina alla Chiesa. Per esempio egli fu in grado di appianare le dispute della Santa Sede con il Regno di Napoli, Regno di Sardegna, Spagna, Venezia e Austria. Il conclave che lo elesse il 17 agosto 1740 era durato ben sei mesi. Sembra che Lambertini abbia detto ai cardinali: «Se desiderate eleggere un santo, scegliete Gotti; se volete eleggere uno statista, Aldrovandi (il cardinale Pompeo Marescotto-Aldrovandi); se invece volete un coglione, eleggete me» (il papa era avvezzo ad usare questo linguaggio un po' gaudente, che usava abitualmente ma che gli era prontamente perdonato per la sua grandezza, è ad esempio riportato che la sua interiezione preferita fosse "cazzo" e che usasse dire "La voglio santificare questa parola, accordando l'indulgenza p... read more

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