MARCUS AURELIUS (161-180) SESTERTIUS Rv MINERVA

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MARCUS AURELIUS 161- 180 SESTERTIUS Obv: Head right Rev: MINERVA ADVANCE RIGTH MARCO AURELIO 161 - 180SESTERZIOD/ TESTA A DESTRAR/ MINERVA AVANZA A DESTRAADVANCED PAYMENT SHIPMENT USD 10.00SPESE DI SPEDIZIONE USD 10.00 CON RACCOMANDATASU RICHIESTA SI RILASCIA REGOLARE RICEVUTA DI ACQUISTO A1307 Marcus Aurelius Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus (often referred to as "the wise") ( April 26 , 121 – March 17 , 180 ) was Roman Emperor from 161 to his death in 180. He was the last of the " Five Good Emperors ", and is also considered one of the most important Stoic philosophers . His tenure was marked by wars in Asia against a revitalized Parthian Empire , and with Germanic tribes along the Limes Germanicus into Gaul and across the Danube . A revolt in the East, led by Avidius Cassius , failed. Marcus Aurelius' work Meditations , written in Greek while on campaign between 170 and 180, is still revered as a literary monument to a government of service and duty and has been praised for its "exquisite accent and its infinite tenderness." Early life Family He was originally named Marcus Annius Catilius Severus , when he married he took the name Marcus Annius Verus .When he was named Emperor, he was given the name Marcus Aurelius Antoninus . Marcus Aurelius was the only son to Marcus Annius Verus and Domitia Lucilla . Marcus Aurelius' father was of Romano- Spanish origin, and served as a praetor and died when Marcus was three years old. Marcus Aurelius credits him with teaching him "manliness without ostentation". [6 ] His mother was of Italian ancestory. His only natural sibling was his younger sister Annia Cornificia Faustina , who was about 2 years younger than he. Domitia Lucilla came from a wealthy family who were of consular rank. His father's maternal aunt was Vibia Sabina , wife of Roman Emperor Hadrian . Rupilia Salonina Matidia (niece of the Roman Emperor Trajan ). His father's sister was Faustina the Elder a Roman Empress who married the Roman Emperor Antoninus Pius . Faustina (Marcus Aurelius' paternal grandmother) and Vibia Sabina were half-sisters and were daughters of After his father's death, Aurelius was adopted and raised by his mother and paternal grandfather Marcus Annius Verus . His paternal grandfather died in 138; he was almost ninety years old. Heir to the Empire In 137, Hadrian had announced that his eventual successor would be Lucius Ceionius Commodus, renamed L. Aelius Caesar . Marcus had already attracted the attention of Hadrian (who had nicknamed him verissimus , which translates as "truest") and had been made a member of the equestrian order when he was six; [7 ] he was subsequently engaged to Ceionia Fabia, Commodus' daughter. The engagement, however, was annulled later after the death of Commodus, as Marcus was betrothed to Antoninus' daughter. Tfore, on the death of Hadrian's first adopted son L. Aelius Verus , Hadrian made it a precondition of making Antoninus his successor that Antoninus would adopt Marcus (then called Marcus Aelius Aurelius Verus) and Lucius Ceionius Commodus (Lucius Aelius' son, ten years junior than Marcus, renamed Lucius Aurelius Verus), and arrange for them to be next in the line. This Antoninus did, adopting and designating them as his successors on February 25 , 138 , when Marcus was only seventeen years of age. He would become emperor at 40. It has been suggested that Commodus and Antoninus Pius were designed by Hadrian only as "place warmers" for the young Marcus and Verus. Marcus received an education from some of the greatest scholars of his day: Euphorion for literature, Geminus for drama, Andron for geometry, Caninius Celer and Herodes Atticus in Greek oratory, Alexander of Cotiaeum for Greek, and Marcus Cornelius Fronto for Latin. It is through Marcus' correspondence with Fronto that we have many of the details of his life during the reign of Antoninus. Through these letters Marcus appears as an intelligent, serious-min... read more

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