Old Carbon Arc Lamp - Ica lighting system

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Old Carbon Arc Lamp - Ica lighting system

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Sold Date: 04/09/2007
Channel: Online Auction
Source: eBay
Category: Tools

OLD CARBON ARC LAMP - Ica, actiengesellchaft Dresden
Object of exposure: For the collections, sold only for this use ! Not tested, without guarantee.
Check the pictures for the stage of the thing.
Dimensions:
size: height 18-23cm (7-9 in), base 14x11,5 cm (5,5x 4,5 in)
weight: 2625g (92,6 oz)
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Carbon arc lamp
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia In a carbon arc lamp, the electrodes are carbon rods in free air. To ignite the lamp, the rods are touched together, thus allowing a relatively low voltage to strike the arc. The rods are then slowly drawn apart, and electric current heats and maintains an arc across the gap. The tips of the carbon rods are heated to incandescence, creating light. The rods are slowly vaporized during the process and need to be regularly adjusted to maintain the arc. Many ingenious mechanisms were invented to effect this automatically, but they were all based on solenoids. In the simplest form (which in fact was soon superseded by more smoothly acting devices) the electrodes are mounted vertically. The current supplying the arc is passed in series through a solenoid attached to the top electrode. If the points of the electrodes are touching (as in start up) the resistance falls, the current increases and the increased pull from the solenoid draws the points apart. If the arc starts to fail the current drops and the points close up again.
The concept was first demonstrated by Sir Humphry Davy in the early 19th century (1802, 1805, 1807 and 1809 are all mentioned), using charcoal sticks and a 2000-cell battery to create an arc across a 4-inch gap. He mounted his electrodes horizontally and noted that, because of the strong convection flow of air, the arc formed the shape of an arch. He coined the term "arch lamp", which was contracted to "arc lamp" when the devices came into common usage.
T were attempts to produce the lamps commercially after 1850 but the lack of a constant electricity supply thwarted efforts. Thus electrical engineers began focusing on the problem of improving Faraday's dynamo. The concept was improved upon by a number of people including William Staite and Charles F. Brush. It was not until the 1870s that lamps such as the Yablochkov candle were more commonly seen. In 1877, the Franklin Institute conducted a comparative test of dynamo systems. The one developed by Brush performed best, and Brush immediately applied his improved dynamo to arc-lighting. In 1880, he established the Brush Electric Company.
The harsh and brilliant light was found most suitable for public areas, being around 200 times more powerful than contemporary filament lamps. T were three major advances in the 1880s:
* The arcs were enclosed in a small tube to slow the carbon consumption (increasing the life span to around 100 hours).
* Flame arc lamps were introduced w the carbon rods had metal salts (usually magnesium, strontium, barium, or calcium fluorides) added to increase light output and produce different colours.
* Frantisek Křizík invented a mechanism to allow the automatic adjustment of the electrodes.