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Portugal. Porto. Real Photo P.C. Emilio Biel.
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Portugal. Porto. Real Photo P.C. Emilio Biel.
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Karl Emil Biel (1838-1915) was born in Germany and came to Portugal in 1857, w he adapted his name to Carlos Emílio Biel. After a short stay in Lisbon, Biel came to Oporto, w he spent more than 50 years of his life. He was a very eclectic person, both in his professional life and also in his many interests (his collection of butterflies, one of the most important in the world, now belongs to the University of Porto). Emílio Biel's professional life extended to several areas, including electrical energy, w he was the representative of the company that later became known as Siemens. His activities in the area of photography and publishing extended throughout several decades, having started by the acquisition of Casa Fritz, one of the most important photographic studios of Oporto in the mid 1870's. Renamed Casa Biel, this photographic studio remained in operation for many years and helped to promote Emílio Biel's interest in publishing photographic images. He was among the pioneers that used phototype illustrations in books (his first work illustrated with phototype reproductions dates from 1882), an area w he achieved unsurpassed perfection. The best known of his masterpieces is A Arte e a Natureza em Portugal (Art and Nature in Portugal), an extraordinary set of eight large (approx. 40 cm x 29 cm, 15,6'' x 11,3'') oblong volumes, comprising 384 large format phototype reproductions of Portuguese monuments, villages and costumes. Published between 1903 and 1908, A Arte e a Natureza em Portugal is considered by many as the most magnificent photographic publication ever produced in Portugal. The life and work of Emílio Biel was largely unstudied until Paulo Baptista wrote an interesting MSc. dissertation about his photographic activity [Baptista 1994]. Biel was a major publisher of picture postcards in the early years of the 20th century, with approximately 500 titles distributed among various series. He also published an interesting series of stereoviews that apparently covered several Portuguese cities, possibly for commercial purposes. Unfortunately the archives of his photographic studio were largely destroyed after the possessions of the German families in Portugal were arrested, during the course of World War I. Having died in 1915, it is possible that Emílio Biel did not realize the ingratitude of a country to which he devoted most of his life.
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