VALENTINIAN I 364AD Genuine Authentic Ancient Roman Coin ANGEL VICTORY

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Item: i21388 Authentic Ancient Coin of: Valentinian I - Roman Emperor: 364-375 A.D. - Bronze AE3 18mm (1.97 grams) Siscia mint: 364-367 A.D.Reference: RIC 7a.1 (IX, Siscia), LRBC 1271 DNVALENTINIANVSPFAVG - Diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right. SECVRITASREIPVBLICAE Exe: D/S/. Δ SIS. - Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm. You are bidding on the exact item pictured, provided with a Certificate of Authenticity and Lifetime Guarantee of Authenticity. In Roman mythology , Victoria was the personification/Goddess of victory. She is the Roman version of the Greek goddess Nike , and was associated with Bellona . She was adapted from the Sabine agricultural goddess Vacuna and had a temple on the Palatine Hill . Her name (in Latin) means victory. Unlike the Greek Nike, Victoria ( Latin for "victory") was a major part of Roman society. Multiple temples were erected in her honour. When her statue was removed in 382 AD by emperor Gratianus there was much anger in Rome. She was normally worshipped by triumphant generals returning from war. Also unlike the Greek Nike, who was known for success in athletic games such as chariot races, Victoria was a symbol of victory over death and determined who would be successful during war. Appearing on Roman coins, jewelry, architecture, and other arts, Victoria is often seen with or in a chariot . An example of this is her place upon the Brandenburg Gate in Berlin, Germany. Flavius Valentinianus , known in English as Valentinian I , ( 321 - November 17 , 375 ) was Roman Emperor from 364 until his death. Valentinian is often referred to as the "last great western emperor". [1] Both he and his brother Emperor Valens were born at Cibalae (modern days Vinkovci , Croatia ), in Pannonia , the sons of a successful general, Gratian the Elder . Life He had been an officer who served under the emperors Julian and Jovian , and had risen high in the imperial service. Of robust frame and distinguished appearance, he possessed great courage and military capacity. After the death of Jovian, he was chosen emperor in his forty-third year by the officers of the army at Nicaea in Bithynia on February 26 , 364, and shortly afterwards named his brother Valens colleague with him in the empire.The two brothers, after passing through the chief cities of the neighbouring district, arranged the partition of the empire at Naissus (Nissa) in Upper Moesia . As Western Roman Emperor, Valentinian took Italia , Illyricum , Hispania , the Gauls , Britain and Africa , leaving to Eastern Roman Emperor Valens the eastern half of the Balkan peninsula , Greece , Aegyptus , Syria and Asia Minor as far as Persia . They were immediately confronted by the revolt of Procopius , a relative of the deceased Julian. Valens defeated his army at Thyatira in Lydia in 366, and Procopius was executed shortly afterwards.During the short reign of Valentinian there were wars in Africa, in Germany , and in Britain, and Rome came into collision with barbarian peoples, specifically the Burgundians and the Saxons .Valentinian's chief work was guarding the frontiers and establishing military positions. Milan was at first his headquarters for settling the affairs of northern Italy. The following year (365) Valentinian was at Paris , and then at Reims , to direct the operations of his generals against the Alamanni . These people, defeated at Scarpona (Charpeigne) and Catelauni ( Châlons-en-Champagne ) by Jovinus, were driven back to the German bank of the Rhine , and checked for a while by a chain of military posts and fortresses. At the close of 367, however, they suddenly crossed the Rhine, attacked Moguntiacum ( Mainz ) and plundered the city. Valentinian attacked them at Solicinium ( Sulz am Neckar , in the Neckar valley , or Schwetzingen ) with a large army, and defeated them with great slaughter. But his own losses were so considerable that Valentinian abandoned the idea of following up his success.Later, in 371, Valentinian made peace with the... read more

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