AUGUSTE - AUGUSTUS AE- As - 26mm - 8.47g - N°793

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AUGUSTE - AUGUSTUS AE- As - 26mm - 8.47g For other uses of Octavius, see Octavius (disambiguation) . For other uses of Octavian, see Octavian (disambiguation) . For other uses of Augustus, see Augustus (disambiguation) .Augustus 1st Emperor of the Roman Empire The statue known as the Augustus of Prima Porta , 1st century Reign 16 January 27 BC – 19 August AD 14 (40 years, 215 days) Full name Birth to adoption: Gaius Octavius ThurinusAdoption to accession: Gaius Julius CaesarAs Emperor: Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Born 23 September 63 BC Birthplace Rome , Roman Republic Died 19 August AD 14 (aged 75) Place of death Nola , Italia , Roman Empire Buried Mausoleum of Augustus , Rome Predecessor None ( Empire founded) Successor Tiberius Consort to Clodia Pulchra Scribonia Livia Drusilla Offspring Julia the Elder Gaius Caesar (adoptive) Lucius Caesar (adoptive) Agrippa Postumus (adoptive) Tiberius (adoptive) Father Gaius Octavius Mother Atia Balba Caesonia These articles cover Ancient Rome and the fall of the Republic Mark Antony , Cleopatra VII , Assassination of Julius Caesar , Pompey , Theatre of Pompey ,Cicero , First Triumvirate , Roman forum ,Comitium , Rostra , Curia Julia , Curia Hostilia Augustus ( / ɔː ˈ ɡ ʌ st ə s/ ;[1] Classical Latin: [awˈɡʊstʊs] ; Latin : Imperator Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus ;[note 1] 23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14 ) is considered the first emperor of the Roman Empire , which he ruled alone from 27 BC until his death in 14 AD. [note 2] Born Gaius Octavius Thurinus , he was adopted posthumously by his great-uncle Gaius Julius Caesar in 44 BC via his last will and testament, and between then and 27 BC was officially named Gaius Julius Caesar . In 27 BC the Senate awarded him the honorific Augustus ("the revered one"), and thus consequently he was Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus .[note 3] The young Octavius came into his inheritance after Caesar's assassination in 44 BC. In 43 BC, Octavian joined forces with Mark Antony and Marcus Aemilius Lepidus in a military dictatorship known as the Second Triumvirate . As a triumvir , Octavian ruled Rome and many of its provinces. [note 4] The triumvirate was eventually torn apart under the competing ambitions of its rulers: Lepidus was driven into exile, and Antony committed suicide following his defeat at the Battle of Actium by Octavian's fleet under the command of Agrippa in 31 BC.After the demise of the Second Triumvirate, Octavian restored the outward facade of the Roman Republic , with governmental power vested in the Roman Senate , but in practice retained his autocratic power. It took several years to determine the exact framework by which a formally republican state could be led by a sole ruler; the result became known as the Roman Empire . The emperorship was never an office like the Roman dictatorship which Caesar and Sulla had held before him; indeed, he declined it when the Roman populace "entreated him to take on the dictatorship". [2] He was not known as what we would call "Emperor" in his lifetime; "Imperator" was (to begin with) simply a title given to an unusually successful general. But Augustus was given, among other titles, that of "princeps", "the first (of citizens)". Originally it had no royal connotations. By law, Augustus held a collection of powers granted to him for life by the Senate, including those of tribune of the plebs and censor . He was consul until 23 BC. [3] His substantive power stemmed from financial success and resources gained in conquest, the building of patronage relationships throughout the Empire, the loyalty of many military soldiers and veterans, the authority of the many honors granted by the Senate, [4] and the respect of the people. Augustus' control over the majority of Rome's legions established an armed threat that could be used against the Senate, allowing him to coerce the Senate's decisions. With his ability to eliminate senatorial opposition by means of arms, the Senate became docile towards him. His rule through patronage, mi... read more

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