April 12, 2024
PHILIP II of MACEDON . GOLD 1/12 STATER . PELLA mint.
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Macedon, Kings of. Philip II. 359-336 BC. Gold 1/12 Stater ( 0.74 gm.; 8 mm.). Pella mint. Struck circa 345-340 or 342-328 BC. Obv.: Laureate head of Apollo right. Rev.: FILIPPOU, thunderbolt; facing lion head below. Le Rider 9 (D7/R7); SNG ANS 209; SNG Alpha Bank 252-4; SNG München 74-5.. Philip II. Alexander the Great. Philip II of Macedonia ruled from 359-336 BC. Without the militaryand political efforts of Philip, Alexander would never have been assuccessful as he was. According to Bosworth, Philip's work with the Macedonian army and establishment of alliances with the Balkan peoples gave both himself and Alexander the resources necessary to carry out such conquests. Philip came to power in 359 BC. after the Macedonians had just suffered a defeat at the hands of the Illyrians. Macedonia was in political and military turmoil, and Philip immediately set about bringing the people of Macedonia under his control. After exacting revenge on the Illyrians by defeating them in 358 B.C.E., Philip sought to bring all of Upper Macedonia under his control and make them loyal to him. His primary method of creating alliances and strengthening loyalties was through marriage. The most important marriage for Philip was to Olympias, from the royal house of Molossia. By 357 BC., they were married, and she gave birth to Alexander the next year.
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