Valentinian I AE Gloria Emperor in military dress Chi-Rho Authentic Roman Coin

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Valentinian I AE Gloria Emperor in military dress Chi-Rho Authentic Roman Coin Item:7186 Authentic ancient Roman bronz coin Valentinian I - Roman Emperor: 36--375 AD. - AE Obverse: D N VALENTINIANVS P F AVG, diademed, draped & cuirassed bust right Reverse: GLORIA ROMANORVM, emperor in military dress walking right, head left, holding labarum, dragging a kneeling captive by the hair, SMAQS in ex. Weight: 2.1 g Diameter: 17 mm Reference: RIC IX Aquileia 7a All items are guaranteed authentic for a lifetime and come with CERTIFICATE of AUTHENTICITY. Gloria Romanorum (Safety and Glory of the Romans). The Chi Rho is one of the earliest forms of christogram , and is used by Christians . It is formed by superimposing the first two (capital) letters chi and rho ( ΧΡ ) of the Greek word " ΧΡ ΙΣΤΟΣ" = Christ in such a way to produce the monogram . Although not technically a Christian cross , the Chi-Rho invokes the crucifixion of Jesus , as well as symbolizing his status as the Christ . The Chi-Rho symbol was also used by pagan Greek scribes to mark, in the margin, a particularly valuable or relevant passage; the combined letters Chi and Rho standing for chrēston, meaning "good." Some coins of Ptolemy III Euergetes (r. 246–222 BC) were marked with a Chi-Rho. The Chi-Rho symbol. The Chi-Rho symbol was used by the Roman emperor Constantine I as vexillum , which is known as Labarum . Early symbols similar to the Chi Rho were the Staurogram () and the IX Monogram ( ) The labarum ( Greek : λάβαρον ) was a vexillum (military standard) that displayed the " Chi-Rho " symbol ☧ , formed from the first two Greek letters of the word " Christ " ( Greek : ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ , orΧριστός) — Chi (χ) and Rho (ρ). It was first used by the Roman emperor Constantine I . Since the vexillum consisted of a flag suspended from the crossbar of a cross, it was ideally suited to symbolize the crucifixion of Christ . The etymology of the word labarum is unclear; it is perhaps to be derived from Latin /labāre/ 'to totter, to waver' (in the sense of the "waving" of a flag in the breeze). Other proposals include a derivation from Celtic llafar ("eloquent"), from the Latin laureum [vexillum] ("laurel standard") or from ancient Cantabri dialect labaro ('four heads') (in modern-day Basque the word is lauburu , with the same meaning), an ancient Celtic symbol taken by the Legions during the Cantabrian Wars . Valentinian I 65th Emperor of the Roman Empire Valentinian I Reign 26 February - 28 March 364 (whole empire); 26 March 364 - 17 November 375 (emperor of the west ) Full name Flavius Valentinianus (from birth to accession); Flavius Valentinianus Augustus (as emperor) Born 321 Birthplace Cibalae , Pannonia Secunda ( Vinkovci , present-day Croatia ) Died 17 November 375 (375-11-17 ) (aged 54) Place of death Brigetio , Pannonia Valeria ( Szőny , present-day Hungary ) Predecessor Jovian Successor Valens , Gratian and Valentinian II Consort to 1) Marina Severa Wives 2) Justina Offspring Gratian Valentinian II Galla Grata Justa Dynasty Valentinian Father Gratian the Elder Valentinian I ( Latin : Flavius Valentinianus Augustus ; 321-17 November 375), also known as Valentinian the Great , was Roman emperor from 364 to 375. Upon becoming emperor he made his brother Valens his co-emperor, giving him rule of the eastern provinces while Valentinian retained the west. During his reign, Valentinian fought successfully against the Alamanni , Quadi , and Sarmatians . Most notable was his victory over the Alamanni in 367 at the Battle of Solicinium . His brilliant general Count Theodosius defeated a revolt in Africa and the Great Conspiracy , a coordinated assault on Britain by Picts , Scots , and Saxons ... read more

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