B map collection job lot of 5 WW 1 ? maps could be from 1930s ?? came with other

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B map collection job lot of 5 WW 1 ? maps could be from 1930s ?? came with other This listing is for the 5 maps charts as shown above came to with other WW 1 items possibly from the 1920s or 1930s the paper has feel and thiness from this time very similar to the maps of India that they came with !!!!!!!!!!!!! ALWAYS WANTED MAPS AND CHARTS 1850 TO 1950 GOOD PRICES PAID Western Front Main article: Western Front (World War I) Trench warfare begins (1914–1915) Sir Winston Churchill with the Royal Scots Fusiliers , 1916 Military tactics before World War I had failed to keep pace with advances in technology. These advances allowed for impressive defence systems, which out-of-date military tactics could not break through for most of the war. Barbed wire was a significant hindrance to massed infantry advances. Artillery , vastly more lethal than in the 1870s, coupled with machine guns , made crossing open ground extremely difficult. [38 ] The Germans were the first to use lethal poison gas on a large scale; it soon became used by both sides, though it never proved decisive in winning a battle. Its effects were brutal, causing slow and painful death, and poison gas became one of the most-feared and best-remembered horrors of the war. [39 ] Commanders on both sides failed to develop tactics for breaching entrenched positions without heavy casualties. In time, however, technology began to produce new offensive weapons, such as the tank .[ 40 ] After the First Battle of the Marne (5–12 September 1914), both Entente and German forces began a series of outflanking manoeuvres, in the so-called " Race to the Sea ". Britain and France soon found themselves facing entrenched German forces from Lorraine to Belgium's coast. [10 ] Britain and France sought to take the offensive, while Germany defended the occupied territories. Consequently, German trenches were much better constructed than those of their enemy; Anglo-French trenches were only intended to be "temporary" before their forces broke through German defences. [41 ] In the trenches: Royal Irish Rifles in a communications trench on the first day on the Somme , 1 July 1916 Both sides tried to break the stalemate using scientific and technological advances. On 22 April 1915, at the Second Battle of Ypres , the Germans (violating the Hague Convention ) used chlorine gas for the first time on the Western Front. Algerian troops retreated when gassed and a six-kilometre (four-mile) hole opened in the Allied lines, which the Germans quickly exploited, taking Kitcheners' Wood , before Canadian soldiers closed the breach. [42 ] Tanks were first used in combat by the British during the Battle of Flers-Courcelette (part of the wider Somme offensive) on 15 September 1916 with only partial success; the French introduced the revolving turret of the Renault FT in late 1917; the Germans employed captured Allied tanks and small numbers of their own design. Trench warfare continues (1916–1917) Neither side proved able to deliver a decisive blow for the next two years. Around 1.1 to 1.2 million soldiers from the British and Dominion armies were on the Western Front at any one time. [43 ] A thousand battalions, occupying sectors of the line from the North Sea to the Orne River , operated on a month-long four-stage rotation system, unless an offensive was underway. The front contained over 9,600 kilometres (5,965 mi) of trenches. Each battalion held its sector for about a week before moving back to support lines and then further back to the reserve lines before a week out-of-line, often in the Poperinge or Amiens areas. Canadian troops advancing behind a British Mark II tank at the Battle of Vimy Ridge A French assault on German positions. Champagne, France, 1917 Officers and senior enlisted men of the Bermuda Militia Artillery 's Bermuda Contingent, Royal Garrison Artillery, in Europe Throughout 1915–17, the British Empire and France suffered more casualties than Germany, because of both the strategic and tactical stances ch... read more

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